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Reading a Simple Invoice

看懂一张最简单的发票

金融财务深度阅读初级约 2 分钟场景 · invoice basics# 金融与财务# 邮件与写作

第一次收到英文发票,不用从头读到尾。这篇只教你看四个地方:发票编号、逐条明细、合计金额、付款期限。读完你会知道 Net 30 是什么意思,也知道核对完之后该回一句什么话。

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An invoice lands in your inbox as a PDF. You open it and see a wall of numbers. Do not read it from top to bottom. Start with one thing: the invoice number. It sits near the top, usually next to the date. Every question you ask later will start with that number.

一张发票以 PDF 的形式落进你的收件箱。你点开,看到密密麻麻一堆数字。别从上往下逐行读。先只找一样东西:发票编号(invoice number)。它一般在靠顶部的位置,紧挨着日期。你之后要问的每一个问题,开头都是这个编号。

Next, look at the middle of the page. That block is a list of line items. Each line item is one thing the company sold you. A line shows what it was, the quantity, and the unit price. Multiply those two and you get the amount for that line. That is all a line item does.

接着看页面中间。那一块是明细清单(line items)。每一条明细就是对方卖给你的一样东西。一行里会写清楚:是什么、数量(quantity)多少、单价(unit price)多少。两个数一乘,就是这一行的金额。一条明细要做的事,仅此而已。

Below the lines are three numbers, and they always come in the same order. The subtotal adds up every line. Then tax is added. The last number is the total, often labelled amount due. That is the only number anyone will actually pay. The rest just explains how it got there.

明细下面是三个数字,出场顺序永远一样。小计(subtotal)把每一行加总起来。然后加上税。最后一个数是总额(total),标签常写成 amount due(应付金额)。真正会被付掉的,只有这一个数。上面那些,不过是在解释它是怎么来的。

Now find the due date. It may be written as a date. It may also say Net 30. Net 30 means you pay within thirty days of the invoice date. Net 15 means fifteen days. That is the whole code. Put that date in your calendar before you close the file.

接下来找付款期限(due date)。它可能直接写成一个日期,也可能写作 Net 30。Net 30 的意思是:自发票日期起三十天内付款。Net 15 就是十五天。这套「暗号」就这么简单。关掉文件之前,先把那个日期记进日历。

Before you approve anything, do one check. Make the line items match up with what you ordered. If they match, forward the invoice for approval. If one line looks wrong, reply with the invoice number and that single line. You do not need to understand accounting to do this well.

在你签字确认之前,只做一件核对:让明细和你当初订的东西对得上。对得上,就把发票转给该批的人。某一行看着不对,就回一封邮件,写上发票编号和有问题的那一行。把这件事做好,完全不需要你懂会计。