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职场发展中级10:21hiring decisions

Why the best hire might not have the perfect resume

最好的人选,也许没有完美简历

人力资源总监雷吉娜·哈特利的 TED 演讲。面对两份同样合格的简历——常春藤、绩点 4.0 的「银汤匙」,和公立大学、频繁跳槽的「拼命三郎」,她主张给后者一次面试机会。她用创伤后成长的研究、乔布斯的履历和自己的成长经历说明:逆境往往锻造出韧性、专注与使命感。适合练面试与招聘场景的英文表达。

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台词(79 句)

00:04
Your company launches a search for an open position. The applications start rolling in, and the qualified candidates are identified.

你的公司发布了一个空缺职位的招聘。申请像潮水一样涌进来,合格的候选人也已经筛选出来。

00:14
Now the choosing begins. Person A: Ivy League, 4.0, flawless resume, great recommendations.

接下来就该做选择了。候选人 A:常春藤名校,绩点 4.0,履历无可挑剔,推荐信也很出色。

00:24
All the right stuff.

该有的条件全都有。

00:27
Person B: state school, fair amount of job hopping, and odd jobs like cashier and singing waitress.

候选人 B:公立大学,跳槽次数不少,还做过收银员、驻唱服务生之类的零工。

00:37
But remember -- both are qualified. So I ask you: who are you going to pick?

但请记住——两个人都是符合要求的。所以我想问你:你会选谁?

00:45
My colleagues and I created very official terms to describe two distinct categories of candidates.

我和同事们发明了两个非常正式的术语,用来描述这两类截然不同的候选人。

00:53
We call A "the Silver Spoon," the one who clearly had advantages and was destined for success.

我们把 A 叫做「银汤匙」:一出生就明显占尽优势、注定会成功的那种人。

01:01
And we call B "the Scrapper," the one who had to fight against tremendous odds to get to the same point.

我们把 B 叫做「拼命三郎」:必须冲破重重不利,才能走到同样位置的那种人。

01:11
You just heard a human resources director refer to people as Silver Spoons and Scrappers -- (Laughter) which is not exactly politically correct and sounds a bit judgmental.

你刚刚听到一位人力资源总监把人称作「银汤匙」和「拼命三郎」——(笑声)这在政治上不太正确,听着也有点武断。

01:22
But before my human resources certification gets revoked -- (Laughter) let me explain.

但在我的人力资源从业资格被吊销之前——(笑声)请容我解释一下。

01:30
A resume tells a story.

一份简历讲的是一个故事。

01:32
And over the years, I've learned something about people whose experiences read like a patchwork quilt,

这些年下来,我对那些经历读起来像一床拼布被子的人有了新的认识,

01:40
that makes me stop and fully consider them before tossing their resumes away.

这让我在把他们的简历扔掉之前,会停下来认真地考虑他们。

01:46
A series of odd jobs may indicate inconsistency, lack of focus, unpredictability.

一连串零散的工作,可能意味着反复无常、缺乏专注、难以预料。

01:53
Or it may signal a committed struggle against obstacles.

但它也可能标志着一场坚定不移、与重重障碍的搏斗。

01:58
At the very least, the Scrapper deserves an interview.

至少,「拼命三郎」值得一次面试机会。

02:04
To be clear, I don't hold anything against the Silver Spoon; getting into and graduating from an elite university takes a lot of hard work and sacrifice.

我要说清楚,我对「银汤匙」并无成见;能考进精英大学并顺利毕业,同样需要大量的努力和付出。

02:15
But if your whole life has been engineered toward success, how will you handle the tough times?

但如果你的一生都被精心设计成通向成功,那么面对艰难时刻时,你要怎么应对?

02:22
One person I hired felt that because he attended an elite university, there were certain assignments that were beneath him,

我招过一个人,他觉得自己念的是名校,所以有些活儿是配不上他的,

02:31
like temporarily doing manual labor to better understand an operation.

比如临时去做一段体力劳动,好更真切地了解业务是怎么运转的。

02:36
Eventually, he quit.

最后,他辞职了。

02:39
But on the flip side, what happens when your whole life is destined for failure and you actually succeed?

但反过来看:如果你的一生注定失败,你却真的成功了,那又意味着什么?

02:49
I want to urge you to interview the Scrapper.

我想强烈建议你:去面试那位「拼命三郎」。

02:54
I know a lot about this because I am a Scrapper.

我对此很了解,因为我自己就是一个「拼命三郎」。

02:59
Before I was born, my father was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, and he couldn't hold a job in spite of his brilliance.

在我出生之前,我父亲就被诊断为偏执型精神分裂症;尽管他才华横溢,却始终没法保住一份工作。

03:09
Our lives were one part "Cuckoo's Nest," one part "Awakenings" and one part "A Beautiful Mind."

我们的生活,一部分像《飞越疯人院》,一部分像《无语问苍天》,还有一部分像《美丽心灵》。

03:17
(Laughter) I'm the fourth of five children raised by a single mother in a rough neighborhood in Brooklyn, New York.

(笑声)我是家里五个孩子中的老四,由单亲妈妈在纽约布鲁克林一个治安很差的街区拉扯大。

03:26
We never owned a home, a car, a washing machine, and for most of my childhood, we didn't even have a telephone.

我们从没有过自己的房子、汽车和洗衣机;在我童年的大部分时间里,家里甚至连一部电话都没有。

03:36
So I was highly motivated to understand the relationship between business success and Scrappers, because my life could easily have turned out very differently.

所以我特别有动力去弄明白,商业上的成功与「拼命三郎」之间到底有什么关系,因为我的人生本来很容易走向另一种结局。

03:48
As I met successful business people and read profiles of high-powered leaders, I noticed some commonality.

在我接触成功的商界人士、阅读那些强势领导者的人物报道时,我注意到了一些共性。

03:56
Many of them had experienced early hardships, anywhere from poverty, abandonment,

他们中的很多人早年都经历过磨难,可能是贫穷、被遗弃、

04:03
death of a parent while young, to learning disabilities, alcoholism and violence.

年幼时失去父母,也可能是学习障碍、酗酒和暴力。

04:10
The conventional thinking has been that trauma leads to distress, and there's been a lot of focus on the resulting dysfunction.

传统观点认为创伤会带来痛苦,人们也一直把注意力放在由此产生的功能失调上。

04:18
But during studies of dysfunction, data revealed an unexpected insight: that even the worst circumstances can result in growth and transformation.

但在这些关于功能失调的研究中,数据却揭示了一个出人意料的发现:即便是最糟糕的处境,也可能带来成长与蜕变。

04:29
A remarkable and counterintuitive phenomenon has been discovered, which scientists call Post Traumatic Growth.

人们发现了一个显著而又反直觉的现象,科学家称之为「创伤后成长」。

04:39
In one study designed to measure the effects of adversity on children at risk,

在一项旨在衡量逆境对高风险儿童有何影响的研究中,

04:45
among a subset of 698 children who experienced the most severe and extreme conditions, fully one-third grew up to lead healthy, successful and productive lives.

在经历了最严酷、最极端处境的 698 个孩子里,整整三分之一长大后过上了健康、成功而有产出的人生。

04:59
In spite of everything and against tremendous odds, they succeeded.

尽管遭遇了这一切,尽管胜算极小,他们还是成功了。

05:05
One-third. Take this resume. This guy's parents give him up for adoption.

三分之一。再看看这份简历:这个人被亲生父母送去给别人收养。

05:12
He never finishes college. He job-hops quite a bit, goes on a sojourn to India for a year, and to top it off, he has dyslexia.

他没念完大学,还频繁跳槽,跑去印度待了一年;更别提,他还有阅读障碍。

05:23
Would you hire this guy? His name is Steve Jobs.

你会雇用这个人吗?他的名字叫史蒂夫·乔布斯。

05:29
In a study of the world's most highly successful entrepreneurs, it turns out a disproportionate number have dyslexia.

一项针对全球最成功创业者的研究发现,其中有阅读障碍的人比例高得不成比例。

05:38
In the US, 35 percent of the entrepreneurs studied had dyslexia.

在美国,受访创业者中有 35% 患有阅读障碍。

05:44
What's remarkable -- among those entrepreneurs who experience post traumatic growth,

更值得注意的是——在那些经历过创伤后成长的创业者当中,

05:50
they now view their learning disability as a desirable difficulty which provided them an advantage because they became better listeners and paid greater attention to detail.

他们如今把自己的学习障碍看作一种「值得拥有的困难」,认为正是它带来了优势:因为它让他们更善于倾听,也更关注细节。

06:04
They don't think they are who they are in spite of adversity, they know they are who they are because of adversity.

他们不认为自己是「尽管有逆境」才成为今天的自己,而是清楚地知道:正是因为逆境,他们才成为今天的自己。

06:14
They embrace their trauma and hardships as key elements of who they've become, and know that without those experiences,

他们把创伤与苦难当作塑造自己的关键部分去接纳,并且明白:如果没有那些经历,

06:23
they might not have developed the muscle and grit required to become successful.

他们也许根本练不出通往成功所需要的那身肌肉和那股韧劲。

06:29
One of my colleagues had his life completely upended as a result of the Chinese Cultural Revolution in 1966.

我的一位同事,因为 1966 年中国的文化大革命,人生被彻底颠覆。

06:38
At age 13, his parents were relocated to the countryside,

他 13 岁那年,父母被下放到农村,

06:42
the schools were closed and he was left alone in Beijing to fend for himself until 16, when he got a job in a clothing factory.

学校停课,他一个人留在北京自谋生路,直到 16 岁在一家服装厂找到工作。

06:53
But instead of accepting his fate, he made a resolution that he would continue his formal education.

但他没有认命,而是下定决心要继续完成学业。

07:01
Eleven years later, when the political landscape changed, he heard about a highly selective university admissions test.

十一年后,政治环境发生变化,他听说了一场录取率极低的大学入学考试。

07:09
He had three months to learn the entire curriculum of middle and high school.

他只有三个月时间,要学完整个初中和高中的课程。

07:16
So, every day he came home from the factory, took a nap, studied until 4am,

于是每天他从工厂回到家,先小睡一会儿,一直学到凌晨四点,

07:23
went back to work and repeated this cycle every day for three months.

然后回去上班;这样的循环,他每天重复,整整持续了三个月。

07:29
He did it, he succeeded. His commitment to his education was unwavering, and he never lost hope.

他做到了,他考上了。他对求学的执着从未动摇,也从未失去希望。

07:38
Today, he holds a master's degree, and his daughters each have degrees from Cornell and Harvard.

如今,他拥有硕士学位,他的两个女儿分别毕业于康奈尔大学和哈佛大学。

07:46
Scrappers are propelled by the belief that the only person you have full control over is yourself.

推动「拼命三郎」向前的,是这样一个信念:你唯一能完全掌控的人,只有你自己。

07:55
When things don't turn out well, Scrappers ask, "What can I do differently to create a better result?"

当结果不理想时,「拼命三郎」会问:「我可以换个什么做法,来得到更好的结果?」

08:02
Scrappers have a sense of purpose that prevents them from giving up on themselves, kind of like if you've survived poverty,

「拼命三郎」有一种使命感,让他们不会放弃自己;有点像是:如果你熬过了贫穷、

08:11
a crazy father and several muggings, you figure, "Business challenges? -- (Laughter) Really?

一个疯癫的父亲和好几次抢劫,你会觉得:「商业挑战?——(笑声)不是吧?

08:18
Piece of cake. I got this." (Laughter) And that reminds me -- humor.

小菜一碟,这我搞得定。」(笑声)这倒提醒了我——幽默感。

08:24
Scrappers know that humor gets you through the tough times, and laughter helps you change your perspective.

「拼命三郎」知道,幽默能带你熬过艰难时刻,而笑本身能帮你换一个看问题的角度。

08:31
And finally, there are relationships. People who overcome adversity don't do it alone.

最后,还有人际关系。战胜逆境的人,从来不是一个人做到的。

08:38
Somewhere along the way, they find people who bring out the best in them and who are invested in their success.

在某个阶段,他们总会遇到一些人,能激发出他们最好的一面,并真心投入到他们的成功中去。

08:47
Having someone you can count on no matter what is essential to overcoming adversity.

无论发生什么都有一个人可以依靠,这是战胜逆境的关键。

08:54
I was lucky. In my first job after college, I didn't have a car, so I carpooled across two bridges with a woman who was the president's assistant.

我很幸运。大学毕业后的第一份工作,我没有车,于是跟一位女士拼车、跨过两座桥去上班,她当时是公司总裁的助理。

09:04
She watched me work and encouraged me to focus on my future and not dwell on my past.

她看着我工作,鼓励我把目光放在未来,而不要纠缠于过去。

09:12
Along the way I've met many people who've provided me brutally honest feedback, advice and mentorship.

一路走来,我遇到过很多人,他们给了我毫不留情的坦诚反馈、建议和指点。

09:21
These people don't mind that I once worked as a singing waitress to help pay for college.

这些人并不介意我曾经为了凑学费,做过驻唱的女服务生。

09:27
(Laughter) I'll leave you with one final, valuable insight.

(笑声)最后,我想留给大家一个很有价值的发现。

09:32
Companies that are committed to diversity and inclusive practices tend to support Scrappers and outperform their peers.

那些真正致力于多元与包容的公司,往往更愿意支持「拼命三郎」,业绩也胜过同行。

09:42
According to DiversityInc,

根据 DiversityInc 的数据,

09:45
a study of their top 50 companies for diversity outperformed the S&P 500 by 25 percent.

一项针对其「多元化 50 强」企业的研究显示,这些公司的表现比标普 500 指数高出 25%。

09:55
So back to my original question.

那么回到我最初的问题。

09:59
Who are you going to bet on: Silver Spoon or Scrapper?

你会把赌注押在谁身上:「银汤匙」,还是「拼命三郎」?

10:05
I say choose the underestimated contender, whose secret weapons are passion and purpose.

我的建议是:选那个被低估的竞争者,他的秘密武器是热情与信念。

10:13
Hire the Scrapper. (Applause)

请雇用「拼命三郎」。(掌声)